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Learn · Data literacy

Facts, calculations and unknown data: how to read a Districts figure

Three labels on a Districts figure: source data, calculation, derived. Unknown is a fourth state, not a blank.

Districts Research · Published 10 September 2026 · Updated 11 September 2026

Three labels

Source data, Districts calculation, Districts-derived. Unknown is a fourth, honest result.

  • SourceRetrieved, not invented
  • DerivedOur indicator, named as such
  • UnknownNot established

01 Fact

Source data

A recorded sale, a zone code, an overlay intersection from a loaded layer.

Dated

02 Maths

Calculation or derived

Gross yield is arithmetic. Supply pressure is an indicator. Neither is an official fact.

Named on the page

03 Gap

Unknown

We do not paint a midpoint over a missing register.

A valid answer

Swipe the panels.

Illustrative diagram — not a score, a valuation or advice.

What this word means

How do I read the labels on a Districts figure, and what does unknown mean?

Every figure on Districts is one of three things. Source data is quoted from a named record with its date. A Districts calculation is arithmetic on source data, with the inputs shown. A Districts-derived indicator is an interpretation under stated rules. It is the weakest of the three.

When none of those can be produced, the figure is unknown. That is a fourth state, not an absence. The label and the confidence note tell you how much weight the slot can carry. The methodology link tells you how it was made.

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In this guide

  1. Source data: the record, dated
  2. Calculations: arithmetic on named inputs
  3. Derived indicators: a screen, not a verdict
  4. Unknown is a state, not a missing cell
  5. Traps that ignore the label
  6. What a label does not establish
  7. How Districts prints the labels
  8. How to confirm a labelled figure

Source data: the record, dated

A value taken from a named source and shown as that source recorded it. Product examples: the sale price and date from the transaction record; officialParcelArea from the cadastre; zone.code from the planning layer; advertised rent from the listing. Districts may normalise the format. It does not adjust the value. A listing observation is a fact about the listing, not about the property.

Source data, calculation, derived, unknownFour labelled states for a figure on a Districts page.Source dataA recorded sale, an official layerCalculatione.g. overlay share of this lotDerivedAn indicator from several inputsUnknownNo usable source — shown
Scroll the diagram sideways if labels are tight.Illustrative diagram — not a recorded property, official map, score or advice.

Calculations: arithmetic on named inputs

Gross yield from a sourced weekly rent times 52, divided by a sourced price. floodShare from an official flood overlay intersected with the official parcel. A ratio of statutory land value to ask, where that series is loaded. The inputs stay visible. If an input is missing, the calculation is not invented.

Derived indicators: a screen, not a verdict

Development optionality reads the loaded zone, overlays and parcel geometry. Rental supply pressure reads nearby comparable rentals and nearby residential projects. Price explanation asks whether constraints help explain the ask relative to land size. These are the checks most often misread as decisions. The label is there so you can disagree with the rule. The inputs are shown.

Unknown is a state, not a missing cell

When a check cannot be produced, it is shown as unknown with the reason: layer not loaded, register not available, series not held. Unknown is the correct answer. It is not zero and not “no”. Estimating to fill the slot would produce a number that looks like the others and carries none of their support. See why Districts shows unknown data. Confidence on a check describes how directly the sources support the result: an official parcel intersected with an official overlay is high; a listing hint with no official layer is low; a count from a register whose coverage of the area is partial is moderate. Read it as how much to trust the slot, never as a risk rating.

Traps that ignore the label

These mistakes weigh a derived screen as if it were a title search.

  • Reading optionality as an approval.
  • Reading floodShare as a flood certificate.
  • Reading a listing land size as the parcel.
  • Reading unknown as clear.
  • Skipping the methodology link on a figure you would pay for.

What a label does not establish

A source-data label does not certify that the registry keyed the sale correctly. A calculation does not make the inputs true. A derived indicator does not bind a council. Confidence on a check describes the evidence, not the property. Low confidence on a flood slot means the sources were weak, not that flooding is unlikely. Planning layers and registers also differ by state and territory, so the same label sits on different objects.

How Districts prints the labels

Each figure’s source line names the label, the source, the period and the date checked, and links to the methodology page for that kind of figure. When listing land size and officialParcelArea disagree, both are shown. The parcel record is the one to rely on. When a check is unknown, the reason sits beside it.

How to confirm a labelled figure

Follow the source line to the record. Follow the methodology link for the formula or rule. For anything material, take the figure to the verifier for that kind of fact. See how to verify. If two labelled figures disagree, keep both on the page and act on the stronger label: official parcel over listing area, official overlay over listing hint, recorded sale over ask. A derived indicator never outranks source data on the same question.

How Districts derives it

  • Facts, calculations, interpretations
  • Missing is not “no”

Explore using Districts

  • How Districts uses data →
  • Search a property or suburb →

Related guides

  • Data literacy

    Why Districts shows unknown data

    Unknown means no source for that slot. Three product examples. Not zero, not clear, not a fail.

  • Data literacy

    How to check the source of a property statistic

    Five questions for any figure. One forensic pair where both numbers are correct and still not comparable.

  • Using Districts

    The Districts property due diligence method

    The product stack: ten checks, three labels, unknown with a reason, listing beside record. Not a score or a valuation.

  • Using Districts

    How to read a Districts property page

    Walk identity, View, planning, DA, terrain, price, nearby, unknowns and verification on one property page.

Research purposes only. Not personal financial advice, a valuation, or a planning certificate. Always speak to a licensed financial adviser before you act.

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Research purposes only. Not personal financial advice, a valuation, or a planning certificate. Always speak to a licensed financial adviser before you act.